The Halayeb Triangle

The Halayeb Triangle The Halayeb Triangle (map), additionally now and again called the Hala’ib Triangle is a zone of questioned land situated on the fringe among Egypt and Sudan. The land covers a region of 7,945 square miles (20,580 square kilometers) and is named for the town of Hala’ib which is situated there. The nearness of the Halayeb Triangle is brought about by the various areas of the Egypt-Sudan outskirt. There is a political limit that was set in 1899 that runs along the 22nd equal and a managerial limit that was set by the British in 1902. The Halayeb Triangle is situated in the contrast between the two and since the mid-1990s Egypt has had true control of the territory. History of the Halayeb Triangle The principal outskirt among Egypt and Sudanâ was set in 1899 when the United Kingdomâ had command over the zone. Around then the Anglo-Egyptian Agreement for Sudan set a political limit between the two at 22nd equal or along the line of 22ìš N scope. Afterward, in 1902 the British drew another managerial limit among Egypt and Sudan which gave control of the Ababda region that was south of the 22nd corresponding to Egypt. The new regulatory limit gave Sudan control of land that was north of the 22nd equal. Around then, Sudan controlled around 18,000 square miles (46,620 sq km) of land and the towns of Hala’ib and Abu Ramad. In 1956, Sudan got free and the difference over the control of the Halayeb Triangle among Sudan and Egypt started. Egyptâ considered the fringe between the two as the 1899 political limit, while Sudan asserted that the outskirt was the 1902 regulatory limit. This prompted both Egypt and Sudan guaranteeing power over the district. Likewise, a little zone south of the 22nd equal called Bir Tawil that was once controlled by Egypt was guaranteed by neither Egypt nor Sudan as of now. Because of this fringe contradiction, there have been a few times of antagonistic vibe in the Halayeb Triangle since the 1950s. For instance in 1958, Sudan wanted to hold decisions in the locale and Egypt sent soldiers into the zone. Regardless of these threats, be that as it may, the two nations practiced joint control of the Halayeb Triangle until 1992 when Egypt protested Sudan permitting investigation of the region’s beach front territories by a Canadian oil organization. This prompted further threats and a fruitless death endeavor on Egypt’s then-president Hosni Mubarak. Subsequently, Egypt reinforced control of the Halayeb Triangle and constrained every Sudanese authority out. By 1998 Egypt and Sudanâ agreed to start dealing with a trade off concerning which nation would control the Halayeb Triangle. In January 2000, Sudan pulled back all powers from the Halayeb Triangle and surrendered control of the district to Egypt. Since Sudan’s withdrawal from the Halayeb Triangle in 2000, there are regularly still clashes among Egypt and Sudan over control of the area. What's more, the Eastern Front, an alliance of Sudanese revolutionaries, expresses that it asserts the Halayeb Triangle as Sudanese on the grounds that the individuals there are all the more ethnically identified with Sudan. In 2010 the Sudanese President Omer Hassan Al-Bashir stated, â€Å"Halayeb is Sudanese and will remain Sudanese† (Sudan Tribune, 2010). In April 2013 there were gossipy tidbits that Egypt’s President Mohamed Morsi and Sudan’s President Al-Bashir had met to talk about a trade off of command over the Halayeb Triangle and the chance of giving control of the district back to Sudan (Sanchez, 2013). Egypt denied those bits of gossip in any case and guaranteed that the gathering was just to fortify participation between the two countries. In this manner, the Halayeb Triangle despite everything stays in Egypt’s control while Sudan claims regional rights over the area. Geology, Climate, and Ecology of the Halayeb Triangle The Halayeb Triangle is situated on the southern fringe of Egypt and the northern outskirt of Sudan. It covers a zone of 7,945 square miles (20,580 square kilometers) and has coastlines on the Red Sea. The region is known as the Halayeb Triangle in light of the fact that Hala’ib is an enormous city inside the district and the region is molded generally like a triangle. The southern fringe, around 180 miles (290 km) follows the 22nd equal. Notwithstanding the fundamental, contested segment of the Halayeb Triangle there is a little territory of land called Bir Tawil that is found south of the 22nd equal at the triangle’s westernmost tip. Bir Tawil has a region of 795 square miles (2,060 sq km) and isn't guaranteed by Egypt or Sudan. The atmosphere of the Halayeb Triangle is like that of northern Sudan. It is ordinarily hot and gets little precipitation outside of a stormy season. Close to the Red Sea, the atmosphere is milder and there is more precipitation. The Halayeb Triangle has a shifted geology. The most noteworthy top in the area is Mount Shendib at 6,270 feet (1,911 m). Also, the Gebel Elba mountain zone is a nature hold that is home to Elba Mountain. This pinnacle has a height of 4,708 feet (1,435 m) and is one of a kind since its culmination is viewed as a fog desert spring due to extraordinary dew, fog and elevated levels of precipitation (Wikipedia.org). This fog desert garden makes a one of a kind biological system in the district and furthermore makes it a biodiversity hotspot with more than 458 plant species. Settlements and People of the Halayeb Triangle The two significant towns inside the Halayeb Triangle are Hala’ib and Abu Ramad. Both of these towns are situated on the Red Sea coast and Abu Ramad is the last stop for transports destined for Cairo and other Egyptian urban areas. Osief is the nearest Sudanese town to the Halayeb Triangle (Wikipedia.org).Because of its absence of advancement, a large portion of the individuals living inside the Halayeb Triangle are migrants and the area has minimal financial action. The Halayeb Triangle is anyway supposed to be wealthy in manganese. This is a component that is critical in the creation of iron and steel yet it is additionally utilized as an added substance for gas and is utilized in soluble batteries (Abu-Fadil, 2010). Egypt has right now been attempting to trade ferromanganese bars to create steel (Abu-Fadil, 2010). Because of the progressing strife among Egypt and Sudan over control of the Halayeb Triangle obviously this is a significant world locale and it will be fascinating to see whether it will stay in Egyptian control.

How far did America achieveprosperity in the 1920s? Essay

The 1920s was a period of extraordinary change in the USA’s monetary circumstance. After the First World War, America encountered a financial blast, which prompted the condition of society changing by tremendous contrasts. These distinctions were likewise clear in the manner that the change affected various individuals in various circumstances. The quantity of individuals living beneath the bread line in 1928 expanded to an expected forty-two percent of the American populace, anyway this was during a similar period that the quantity of Americans claiming vehicles was around one vehicle to each five individuals. In this manner, there is incredible contention over to what degree the USA accomplished success during the 1920s. Flourishing is a word that is utilized to portray opulence and riches inside a nation. Evaluating the rate at which a nation encounters thriving during a period would uncover digger rich and well off that nation was at that point. Numerous components contribute and deduct from the success of America during this period, as it is along these lines hard to state how far the present abundance of the nation spread inside all regions of society. Variables that would express that America’s flourishing spread all through the country during the 1920s incorporate the new ventures and new mechanical strategies for the time, mass advertising of new items and the motorcar business. Be that as it may, repudiating these territories of American industry incorporate the cultivating circumstance at that point, overpopulation of the nation, USA’s dark populace, new foreigners to the nation and individuals engaged with old enterprises. During the 1920s, new ventures and new strategies for creation spread through American assembling. It had the option to abuse it’s immense normal assets of crude materials to create steel, synthetic substances, glass and hardware. These items at that point turned into the establishment for optional ventures or buyer products. Phones, radios, vacume cleaners, and clothes washers were mass-created and in this manner more individuals could bear the cost of them. Such a model shows tool America was growing admirably as a mechanical country, and uncovers how the individuals of the nation were currently ready to purchase purchaser merchandise, which before were they couldn't manage. Inside this equivalent period, huge businesses were creating publicizing and showcasing procedures. Publicizing organizations were a resultant factor, and came to fruition as gatherings built up their thoughts of purposeful publicity created during World War One and applied them to industry. This part of American culture is additional proof for how the USA was preferring the buyer part of living in the mid twentieth century. Maybe the most huge commitment to indicating how all territories of America prevailing with regards to accomplishing thriving during the 1920s is the engine vehicle industry. In 1900, just 4,000 vehicles were constructed. By 1929, 4,000,000, 800,000 were made-without a doubt it was accepted that a Ford Model-T was finished at regular intervals. By 1928, the industry was America’s best, and utilized hundred of thousands representatives straightforwardly, but more by implication. The vehicle impactsly affected the remainder of American industry. The organizations providing crude materials required to make a vehicle additionally flourished at a comparable rate. More glass, elastic and steel were required; boosting these zones of industry. Moreover, expanded measures of petroleum were required, and more individuals discovered work building miles of streets the nation over to provide food for the expanded measure of traffic. The vehicle business likewise invigorated the lodging business. It implied that more individuals had the option to purchase homes from the urban areas in suburbia, and drive regularly into town. This factor, I feel was the most significant reason to America’s fruitful spread of success during the 1920s. Juxtaposed to these perspectives, various components exist which show proof against the thought of America’s riches during the 1920s being across the nation, and impacting each territory of society. An away from of an industry, and accordingly it’s individuals, which didn't profit by this time is cultivating. The normal homestead salary tumbled from twenty-two billion dollars in 1919, to thirteen billion dollars in 1928. This was to a great extent because of the European market. During the war, American has dispatched a large number of tons off grain to Europe. Be that as it may, the war likewise bankrupted Europe, which means scarcely any individuals could manage the cost of American products. Moreover, the Republican assessment on American products was still set up, bringing about Europe ledge unfit to manage the cost of American produce. From 1900 to 1920, while ranches were doing very well, increasingly more land was being cultivated. Improved apparatus, particularly consolidate reapers and improved manures made US agribusiness amazingly proficient. The outcome was that by 1920 it was creating surpluses of wheat, which no one needed. Cultivating people group were crushed as ranches battled to sell wheat, even at amazingly low costs. The degree of this hardship is indicated when it is acknowledged around half of all Americans lived in country regions. For the most part chipping away at ranches or in organizations that offered products to ranches. Along these lines, this issue straightforwardly influenced a large number of individuals. As the homestead salary fell, the circumstance of numerous country networks was urgent. It is clear when taking a gander at the impacts American success had on it’s Black and new outsider populaces that present American riches didn't arrive at all zones of individuals. The dark populace was seriously hit. They held the custom of holding the least gifted employments in provincial zones. As they lost their positions on the ranches, seventy five percent of a million of them got jobless. Most of cultivating families stayed extremely poor all through the 1920s, implying that they didn't see the innovative advances of the time-including power, vehicles and radios. New foreigner to the nation as of now didn't get the incredible greeting of a freed nation they had all trusted. They confronted segregation in the work place, and took whatever work they could-somewhat in light of the fact that they were commonly uneducated as different laborers. An enormous number worked in the development business where, at that point, there was a major blast. Be that as it may, notwithstanding this expansion in the businesses size, the normal was just rose by four percent during the 1920s, in light of the fact that the settlers were a wellspring of modest work, and more work was turning out to be automated coming about the absence of requirement for workers. The joblessness rate inside new outsiders increased consistently. More seasoned ventures were experiencing modernisation. A few businesses, for example, steel, for which there was a blast, profited by general extension. In any case, in others, especially the crude materials enterprises cotton, coal, tin and copper-were languishing. There was an overproduction in these businesses, costs dropped and compensation fell. From seeing this proof, obviously the flourishing and abundance of the USA in the 1920 was profoundly clear. In any case, it is additionally certain that it didn't arrive at all territories of society. Consequently, it is advocated to state that thriving during this period was fractional as not every person was purchasing vehicles, radios and other shopper products. It is crucial to recall that during a blast period, it is hard to share the riches of the nation equitably because of the assurance for individual increase, not for fairness.

Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun

Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun Addiction Alcohol Use Children of Alcoholics Print Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun Real Stories From Children of Alcoholics By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 11, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 17, 2018 Children of Alcoholics Face Many Challenges. © Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Children of Alcoholics Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery One of the characteristics that many children who had an alcoholic parent report is difficulty having fun. Because they carry around so much anger, or because they have had so many events and holidays sabotaged by the alcoholic parent, they dont even expect to have fun. Many children who grow up in an alcoholic home seem to have many common characteristics, and one of them is not being able to let loose and just have fun. Visitors to the Verywell.com Alcoholism site who answered the question, How Do You Feel Growing Up With an Alcoholic Parent Has Changed You? describe what its like: Never Able to Let LooseIve always felt different from other people, never able to let loose and have fun at social events, and always feeling alone. Everything is a competition to me; I feel like I always need to be the best, or Im a failure. I struggle with my identity and I still dont have an answer to that who am I question. Im trying my best to make sense of everything Ive discovered about myself, but its been trying and very painful. -- J.B. Happiness Feels FakeMy happiness when present feels fake because I know it will always be overshadowed by some horrible incident. There are times when I feel as though I do not want to live because the pain is too great. How sad. -- Love The Anger Is Still ThereAs a teenager, I felt alone and angry and always took this out on people closest to me. I would say to myself, I will be happier when this happens, when I get this job or move out. But over the years I have realized the anger and sadness are still there. -- Hailey I Cannot Go Have FunI grew up never feeling like I was normal, never feeling like I was good enough. Now I have such low self-esteem its crippling. I can not go out and have fun like normal adults. -- Taylor Stunted My EmotionsI think growing up with an alcoholic step-father has stunted my emotions, seems I get saddened easily, but the happy emotions are very low. Things people are normally jumping up and down about dont give me the same amount of excitement. Dont get me wrong, I still feel happiness, but not to the extent most people do. -- Biggie Affected by Parental Alcoholism If you grew up in a home where there was a lot of drinking, you may want to take this quiz to determine to what extent you may have been affected by the experience. If your life has been affected, you might want to seek help through professional counseling or find support in either Al-Anon Family Groups or the support group Adult Children of Alcoholics. If you have a drinking problem and you have children in the home, they are being affected by your drinking and your behavior psychologically and emotionally more than you may realize. You may want to try to find help to quit or cut back on the amount of alcohol that you consume. How Growing up Around Drinking Can Impact Kids Into Adulthood

Hult International Business School Programs and Admissions

Hult International Business School, established in 1964, is a private business school with locations around the world. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including one-year MBA programs. Hult is known for providing excellent preparation in areas of global business, such as international marketing, international banking, and international finance. Unlike most business schools, Hult International Business School is globally accredited by both the  Association of MBAs  (AMBA), and the  Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business  (AACSB).  These accreditations provide quality assurance and should be important to every student seeking a world-class global business education. In this article, were going to take a closer look at Hult International Business School. Youll learn about Hults campus locations, program offerings, and admissions requirements for the global MBA program. Campus Locations Hult International Business School has campus locations in Boston, San Francisco, New York, London, Dubai, and Shanghai. Students can study at one campus, switch campuses during the program, or choose to study in multiple locations by participating in the schools campus rotation program. Hults Boston Campus Hults Boston campus is located in Cambridge near many other prestigious universities, including Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Programs and electives offered at the Boston campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of International MarketingMaster of FinanceMaster of International BankingGlobal One-Year MBA Hults San Francisco Campus Hults San Francisco campus is located right in the city near the financial district, large companies, and more than 13,000 business start-ups. Programs and electives offered at the San Francisco campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of Business StatisticsMaster of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA electives Hults London Campus Hults London campus is located in Central London in Bloomsbury, which is considered the academic heart of the city. London has some of the largest overseas banks in the world and is considered the hub of international finance. Programs and electives offered at the London campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of International MarketingMaster of Finance electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA Hults Dubai Campus Hults Dubai campus is located in an area known as Internet City. Nearby companies include Microsoft and LinkedIn. Dubai is also known for industries like banking and financial services, consulting, and IT. Programs and electives offered at the Dubai campus include the: Master of International Business  Master of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA Hults Shanghai Campus Hults Shanghai campus is located in Chinas economic capital on Peoples Square. It is surrounded by Shanghais financial and commercial districts. Programs and electives offered at the Shanghai campus include the: Master of International Business electivesMaster of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBA electivesGlobal Executive MBA Hults New York Campus Hults New York campus is a rotation center, where students from Hults other campuses come to study. The campus is located at the Cooper Union in central Manhattan near New Yorks key business districts. Elective offerings at the New York campus include: Master of International Business electivesMaster of International Marketing electivesMaster of Finance electivesGlobal One-Year MBA electivesGlobal Executive MBA electives Bachelor of Business Administration Program Hult International Business School offers one undergraduate business program for recent high school graduates. The program results in a Bachelor of Business Administration. Students enrolled in this degree program can choose to major in marketing, management, finance, accounting, or entrepreneurship. Hult also offers three different tracks, which allow students to graduate with a degree in two years (Global Fast Track), three years (Global Standard Track), or four years (U.S. Standard Track). Master Degree Programs The master degree programs at Hult International Business School are designed for students who have three years of work experience or less. Each program takes one year to complete. Students who earn a Master of International Business degree also have the option of earning a dual degree in an additional six to nine months of full-time study. Dual degree options include the Master of Disruptive Innovation degree or the Master of International Banking degree. Global MBA Program Hults Global MBA Program is a one-year MBA program with an intensive curriculum designed to teach you key business skills from a global perspective. The program is immersive and allows the opportunity to study in three different cities in a one year period. Specialization options include marketing, finance, entrepreneurship, family business, business analytics, and project management. After learning business theory in the first part of the program, students get an opportunity to put theory into practice through simulations and real-world experiences.   Global Executive MBA Program Hults Global Executive MBA Program is a unique MBA program for working professionals. The program allows students to earn an MBA degree with just 14 trips to campus. If you enroll in this program, you will miss 21 days of work in all and earn a degree within 18 months. You can study in one city or in up to three locations in a single one year period. Location options include San Francisco, London, Dubai, New York, and Shanghai. This immersive EMBA program is taught from the same global perspective that Hult is known for and includes an opportunity to customize your learning experience with electives. If you complete all three electives in one area of study (marketing, finance, entrepreneurship, family business, business analytics, and project management), you earn an MBA with a specialization in that designated area.   Hult MBA Admissions Requirements Admissions requirements for Hult International Business School programs vary depending on the program. Students who are applying to one of Hults MBA programs, need a bachelors degree (or the equivalent), three years of work experience, and proficiency in English. The admissions committee prefers bilingual or multilingual applicants who have lived in more than one country. Being globally-minded will also score you points with admissions reps. To apply to Hults Global MBA program or Global Executive MBA program, you will need to submit the following: Application feeTranscripts from all of the colleges and universities you attendedA copy of your bachelors degreeA current resumeLetters of recommendationA response to an application questionGMAT, GRE, or the Hult Business Assessment Test scores

Can Terrorism Ever Be Justified - 1677 Words

Can terrorism ever be justified? Since the turn of the century, the postmodern world has seen increasing levels of political, cultural, military and socio-economic tumult, much of this due to a series of terrorist attacks on American soil and the resultant waging of Washington ’s â€Å"War on Terror†. Consequently, the nature of terrorism has come under intense media focus and is subject to immense debate, especially on its justification. Before engaging in such a debate one must first identify terrorism as an act of widespread violence, whether on the part of a state or individual, against another state or society, with the ultimate goal of forcing the latter party to cede to the formers demands – be they political or socio-economic. With such†¦show more content†¦In short, violence only begets more violence, nothing else, hence making terror totally unreliable as a means to an end. But, as with all controversies, the issue of terrorism has spawned a large number of devil’s advocates, and hence a member of arguments that terror is â€Å"acceptable† because it is â€Å"a natural consequence† of the actions of one nation upon others. Though highly repugnant to the humanitarians, these arguments do make for a convincing, if controversial, case. Terror must be accepted as the inevitable outcome of the damning legacy of colonialism that the First world has left on the Third, which was further exacerbated by Cold War machinations and power plans. Since the last century the vast majority of African, Arab, and Asian states have suffered under periods of debilitating colonial rule, and we find that the majority of terrorists have come from such impoverished nations. But their plight was forged into a cause for violence because of the First world ’s action In the Cold War. 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In itself, is neither moral, nor immoral - no act in itself ever is. Morality of an act is determined by the intentions of its perpetrators and by the circumstances under which it takes place. Killing is a morally neutral act, it is the intention of the killer and the circumstances under which the act takes place, that make it a crime of murder subject to a heavy punishment, an unfortunate accident , or an act of valour rewarded by a medal. In the course of warsRead MoreWhat Is Terrorism, Is It Wrong, And Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?1530 Words   |  7 PagesIn Alison M. Jaggar’s paper â€Å"What is Terrorism, Why is it Wrong, and Could it Ever be Morally Permissible?†, she takes the topic of terrorism and tries to bring up information about it in a way to where terrorism can be discussed fairly and examined critically. Terrorism has been defined differently by various people, but many have voiced their concerns about this type of violence. 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Global terrorism does not just affectRead MoreAmerican Military Intervention Against Isis1048 Words   |  5 PagesWar Theory, this plan for American military intervention against ISIS is justified on moral grounds as it follows all three parts of the theory. This is supported by the current global state and Bush’s national security strategy from 2002. The first part of Just War Theory is Jus Ad Bellum—America has a morally righteous cause to go to war because it is motivated by defending civilians. Part of this is that a just war can only be taken by a legitimate authority, most commonly a state. Not only wouldRead MoreThe Ethics Of Warfare And Ethics1550 Words   |  7 Pagesis any ethical decisions when discussion about warfare. Are war ethical or not? Does war bring any resolution to the conflicts or it just bring more conflicts between nations and states? Have history of warfare demonstrate whether or not wars have ever resolve the initial purpose of the war? War ethics only defines whether the purpose of any war is right in order to initiate any conflict among nations. But history has proven that humans have always uses wars as a mean of resolving political, structuralRead MoreIs Torture justified?1704 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ ENGL 1301 Composition I November 9, 2013 Is Torture justified? What is torture? Basically, this is the action of physically or psychologically hurting a person without their permission and against their will. The torture has many goals such as obtaining a confession or information of the victim, revenge for an act committed by the victim or just for entertainment morbid and sadistic of the torturer. According to the 1984  United Nations Convention against Torture, the torture is: â€Å"anyRead MoreEssay on The war against terrorism976 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals and organizations justify these acts of terror? These acts can be described as terrorist actions. Terrorism is a growing international problem. During the last twenty years, new terrorist groups have sprung up all over the world. Governments have had little success in their attempts to resolve issues in which terrorism is used. A major problem in discussing terrorism is establishing a generally accepted definition. Terrorism can be described as the unlawful use of fear or force to achieve certain

English First Additional Paper 1 Free Essays

string(91) " in your own words why Sabina’s first attempt at breeding chickens was unsuccessful\." NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE P1 EXEMPLAR 2007 MARKS: 75 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 11 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 2 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of THREE sections, namely SECTION A, SECTION B and SECTION C. We will write a custom essay sample on English First Additional Paper 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ †¢ †¢ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. SECTION A: Comprehension (30 marks) SECTION B: Summary (10 marks) SECTION C: Language in context (35 marks) Answer ALL the questions. Start each section on a NEW page and rule off across the page on completion of EACH section. Leave a line after EACH answer. Write neatly and legibly. Follow the instructions carefully. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Pay special attention to spelling and sentence construction. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 3 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION A: COMPREHENSION QUESTION 1 Read the following passage and answer the questions. In the case of multiple-choice questions, write down only the question number and the letter corresponding with the answer. 1. Now 54, Sabina Khoza started her working life as a salesperson. Then the company she was working for shut down and sold their delivery vans to staff members. ‘I managed to buy eight of the kombis,’ says Sabina. That was the start of her taxi fleet – which eventually grew to 17 vehicles. But crime forced her to 5 abandon her budding taxi business. In fact, sick of the hijackings and violence, Sabina decided she needed a break from township life altogether. And she didn’t have to go far! A farm was for sale in Zuurbekom, on the outskirts of Soweto. ‘It was strange,’ she recalls. I’d just moved from Mofolo in Soweto 10 and started off-loading my furniture when a group of people came to help. ‘Once the work had been done, they disappeared without as much as asking for a cent. This surprised me. Township people do not do any work without being paid. ‘On the fourth day I saw these people again. I asked where they were staying. It t urned out they were living on my farm. When they realised I was the 15 new owner, they begged me not to evict them. ‘ Sabina was sympathetic to their predicament, and realised she’d have to find a way to make the best of the situation. The opportunity came when her tenants approached her about breeding chickens. ‘I had never come close to a live chicken in my life,’ laughs Sabina. ‘As a matter 20 of fact, I was rather afraid of chickens. ‘ Still, she bought 10 chickens and a feeder – and waited for the eggs to come. And waited. And waited. ‘Then one day a visitor told us we were actually rearing cocks without hens,’ laughs Sabina. This setback didn’t discourage her, though. Soon she had her hens and had also received training in how to raise chickens. I remembered 25 that when I stayed in Soweto, I could only get chickens in Kliptown,’ she says. ‘So I went and spoke to people in the area. Then one of my tenants went there to sell the birds. We’d spent R11,20 on each chicken and sold them at R20 each. In less than a week, we’d sold our birds. ‘ ‘Since then, we’ve been getting chicks regularly from a supplier and we†™re 30 currently producing 150 000 birds a year. We also supply supermarkets with vegetables. ‘ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 4 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 10. Khoza’s successful farming venture incorporates the latest technology and farming methods, and additional community projects include vegetable and maize production, as well as a guest house, which accommodates trainee 35 farmers. ‘I train members of the community and offer them opportunities as partners, not just as employees,’ says Sabina, who has won numerous awards, including the Department of Agriculture’s Female Farmer of the Year in 2003 and the 2004 Shoprite Checkers Woman of the Year Award. 40 ‘During the festive season, when people go on holiday, I stay at home and make money from all the Christmas bonuses people have been paid. And when all the holidaymakers have returned home, I take leave and book myself into a luxurious hotel, glad to have missed the peak season,’ laughs Sabina. [Adapted from Bona Magazine] 11. 12. QUESTIONS 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 Why did Sabina not continue working as a salesperson? Quote a phrase of not more than six words which tells you why Sabina had left the township. Refer to paragraph 2. Three of the following are likely kinds of ‘crime’ in this context. Which ONE is the exception? A B C D 1. 4 Hijacking Passengers robbed at gunpoint Cash in transit heists Intimidation from rival fleet owners (2) (1) 2) The word ‘budding’ (paragraph 2) implies that her taxi business at this time †¦ A B C D was in the early stages of development. seemed headed for success. seemed headed for collapse. Both A and B (2) 1. 5 When Sabina said, ‘It was strange’ (paragraph 3), she meant that it was strange that †¦ A B C D she didn’t have to go far. the place was called Zuurbekom (instead of, say, Soetbekom). you could buy a farm so close to Soweto. the people who helped her didn’t ask for any money. (2) 1. 6 What difference did Sabina observe between township people and the people on the farm? Quote a suitable sentence from paragraph 4 to support your answer. (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 5 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 1. 7 The ‘predicament’ referred to in paragraph 5, is most probably that the tenants †¦ A B C D were prepared to help off-load furniture without expecting to be paid for it. had been unaware that Sabina was the new owner. had nowhere to go if Sabina evicted them. were all unemployed. (2) (3) 1. 8 1. 9 Explain in your own words why Sabina’s first attempt at breeding chickens was unsuccessful. You read "English First Additional Paper 1" in category "Papers" Explain the meaning of the following expression as used in line 6 of the passage: ‘†¦ abandon her budding taxi business’ (2) (3) (2) (4) (2) 30 1. 10 1. 11 1. 12 1. 13 Suggest TWO reasons that Shoprite Checkers probably had for naming Sabina their 2004 Woman of the Year. (1? + 1? ) What aspects of Sabina’s story are surprising, considering that she is a woman? Describe any TWO incidents from this passage which show you that Sabina does not give up easily. In NOT more than 7 words, provide a title for this article which draws attention to Sabina’s achievements. TOTAL SECTION A: Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 6 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION B: SUMMARY QUESTION 2 Imagine that you are preparing an essay on ‘Dieting and Eating Disorders’. Read the article below and extract SEVEN important points to include in your essay. INSTRUCTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. Write your points in full sentences using NOT more thant 70 words. Number your sentences from 1 to 7 and write only ONE fact per line. Write in correct sentences and use your own words as far as possible. Indicate the number of words you have used in brackets at the end of your summary. Note that you will be penalised if you ignore these instructions. There is a constant deadly battle between what teenagers want to look like and what they will do to get there. Teenagers fear that the weight that they’ve gained during puberty and teenage years is permanent. They panic and desperately try to lose it. Once they start losing weight, people might compliment them, which makes them feel good. They may start to believe that losing weight will make them happier, but no matter how much weight is lost, it is never enough, and they are never happy. Teenagers spend a lot of time worrying about what others think and they desperately try to conform to society’s unattainable ‘ideal’ body image. They are lead to believe that if they are thin, they will be accepted. Many of them are constantly exposed to images of thin models appearing on television and in magazines. This only reinforces their belief that in order to be happy, successful and accepted, they must be thin. These factors lead to many teenagers going overboard with dieting, which can then result in eating disorders. Dieting is about losing weight gradually in a healthy way. Eating disorders are about trying to make your whole life better through eating or not eating food. Sufferers seek approval and acceptance from others and believe life won’t be good until a bit (or a lot) of weight is lost, without any concern for the damage done to their bodies. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are two common eating disorders. Anorexia is when someone experiences a significant weight loss resulting from excessive dieting. Anorexics consider themselves to be fat, no matter what their actual weight is. Often they don’t realise that they are underweight. They avoid food and taking in calories at all costs, which can result in death. Bulimia is characterised by a cycle of over-eating and vomiting. A sure sign is regular bathroom visits after eating so as to induce vomiting. [Adapted from: Teen Zone] TOTAL SECTION B: 10 Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 7 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION C: LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT QUESTION 3: VISUAL LITERACY 3. 1 ANALYSING A CARTOON Study the following cartoon and answer the questions that follow: Frame 1 3. 1. 1 3. 1. 2 3. 1. 3 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 (1) (2) Where does the conversation between the two women in the cartoon take place? Why are certain words (perfect, lose, gain and hate) in bold print? Refer to Frame 1. Describe the speaker’s facial expression, stating what it reveals about her feelings. (2) (2) 3. 1. 4 Refer to frame 4. Explain why the speaker says ‘I HATE HER! ‘ Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 8 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 3. 2 ANALYSING AN ADVERTISEMENT Study the advertisement below and answer the questions. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 9 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 3. 2. 1 3. . 2 3. 2. 3 3. 2. 4 State TWO ways in which the advertiser attempts to attract the readers’ attention. Explain why the advertiser has used the word ‘overnight’ in the headline. Do the dots below the word ‘overnight’ serve any purpose? Give a reason for your answer. Do you consider the name of the product, Clean Clear, appro priate? Give a reason for your answer. (2) (2) (2) (2) [15] QUESTION 4: LANGUAGE AND EDITING SKILLS The article which follows, contains a number of deliberate errors in grammar and punctuation, as well as words within brackets which indicate the writer’s uncertainty about which word to use. Read it carefully and answer the following questions: DOME – THE DK PATRIOT 1. Inspired by TKZEE, Dome (has started/started) his music career in Grade Ten as the production half of kwaito group, Rossmoda. The crew soon dissolved and he formed a new one known as Scrybe. He continued doing music as a hobby until he, at The National School Of The Arts, met up with former Skwatta Kamp member, Master Sip, widely known as Ngwenya, 5 as well as a huge community of hip hop artists. ‘(Here’s/Heres) were I cut my teeth,’ Dome says, ‘because the level of competition was so high. Dome started making tracks at the old Skwatta Kamp studio in Leondale. He simply (couldn’t/can’t) aford the rates and got hold of a sampler that had belonged to Jo’burg beat legend, Iko. Connecting Iko’s sampler to his 10 father’s hi-fi, Dome was able to produce at the alarming rate of a hundred and fifty beats a week. Dome says, ‘I got into the c ircle of current hot properties from Soweto and I was able to assemble a host of artists for my first production series, Domestic Violins’. 15 ‘I sold the album out of my backpack and with the money I made, I bought my studio,’ says Dome. Dome continues to single-handedly direct the musical score of the South Western Townships. To a number of artists, his music has proved to be the key to massive airplay. To us, the DK patriot (holds/hold) the key to the 20 future of Soweto hip hop. [Adapted from: Hype Magazine] 2. 3. 4. 5. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 10 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 4. 1 Choose the correct word from those in brackets. Write only your answer next to the question number (4. 1. 1 – 4. 1. 3) in the answer book. 4. 1. ‘Inspired by TKZEE, Dome (has started/started) his music career in Grade Ten as the production half of kwaito group, Rossmoda. ‘ (Lines 1 – 2) ‘(Here’s/Heres) were I cut my teeth,’ Dome says. (Lines 6 – 7) To us, the DK patriot (holds/hold) the key to the future of Soweto hip hop. ‘ (Lines 20 – 21) (1) (1) (1) (2) (1) (1) 4. 1. 2 4. 1. 3 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 4. 5 Explain why TKZEE, Rossmoda, Scri be and Skwatta Kamp are written in italics. The word ‘were’ (line 6) has been used incorrectly. Replace it with the correct word. Give the correct spelling of the word ‘aford’ in paragraph 2 (line 9). Provide the correct form of the word within brackets in the following sentence: Dome is a (success) artist in South Africa. (1) (1) 4. 6 4. 7 Provide a synonym (word similar in meaning) from the passage for the word ‘began’. Choose the correct word from within brackets. My dad thinks rap music is the (worse/worst) kind of music he has ever heard. (1) 4. 8 Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct preposition from the list given below. Write only the question number (4. 8. 1 – 4. 8. 2) and the answer. by; of; with; for 4. 8. 1 4. 8. 2 Dome was influenced †¦ Skwatta Kamp. I am a gread admirer †¦ Dome. (1) (1) 4. 9 Identify the parts of speech of the underlined words in the following sentence: Dome said, ‘I sold the album out of my backpack. ‘ (1) 4. 10 Change the following statement to a question to which the underlined part would be the answer: Dome said that he was going to perform in Durban. (1) Copyright reserved English First Additional Language/P1 11 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 4. 11 Give the antonyms (words opposite in meaning) of the underlined words in the following sentence: Dome has sold many albums in this country. (1) 4. 12 Give the opposite gender of the underlined word in the following sentence: He met the manager of the studio. 1) 4. 13 Write down the plural form of the underlined word in the following sentence: Dome met a huge community of hip-hop artists. (1) 4. 14 Replace the underlined phrase with a single word: The award for the best hip-hop artist is presented once a year. (1) 4. 15 Fill in the missing word in the following sentence: I love Dome’s music. He i s my †¦ artist. (1) 4. 16 Rewrite the following sentence in reported speech: Dome said: ‘I sold the album out of my backpack. ‘ TOTAL SECTION C: GRAND TOTAL: 20 75 Copyright reserved Please turn over How to cite English First Additional Paper 1, Papers

Voice And Diction Critique The Piano Lesson Essays -

Voice And Diction Critique: The Piano Lesson Andrea Ayers TH 113 Voice and Diction Critique: The Piano Lesson The Piano Lesson is a masterpiece in itself, earning a Pulitzer Prize in 1990. However, this particular play has elements not typical of modern plays. It has the quintessential plot that encompasses a conflict. On the surface, the conflict is between Boy Willie and his sister, Bernice. However, beneath that conflict, lies the symbolism of the characters. Boy Willie symbolizes the American way or the white mans culture. Bernice is the African-American way, staying true to her roots and not parting with the heritage. Although she finds this painful, she will not part with her heritage. Her heritage is tangible in the presence of the piano itself. Within the presence of the piano, August Wilson firmly states his convictions about what it means for black people to assimilate into American society. It means they have to give up their black culture in the ways of music, speech, heritage and community. As expected, Wilson sympathizes with the character of Bernice because he is unwilling to part with his culture and folkways just as Bernice refuses to give up her piano. Boy Willie must fight Sutters ghost to rid the family of the dark and painful past they share. Bernice must play the piano to face her heritage, thereby accepting the slavery of her grandparents, not dismissing it. The main theme here is not to forget their past, but rather to confront it. Wilson sets his characters free from painful memories of slavery via the lessons learned from the pianos existence. Wilson renders a tight thesis about how African-Americans struggle to assimilate into the mainstream yet retain their inherent sub-culture. Wilson is an author of meaningful words. His portrayal of African-American lineage is very convincing. The characters language is authentic and unabridged. They use appropriate speech not tendered by standards of English. It is more colloquial and informal. By incorporating this dialect, Wilson creates a play that is purely representational of the era. Characters become more authentic as they are believable. The audience sympathizes with them. When an audience superimposes the characters, the theme is not only heard, but felt within each individual. As I sat in my seat, I felt the anguish between the siblings as they communicated their concerns about the piano. For example, Bernice describes the piano as polished by the blood, sweat and tears of her ancestors. The anguish of slavery and oppression swells through her words. When Boy Willie persists in taking the piano, he also communicates his determination to succeed on the same land that bound his ancestors. This is very powerful la nguage because it renders more than just denotation. It communicates the way the characters relate themselves to the world around them (past, present and future.) The language itself is very moving and purposeful. At the end of the play, Wilson leaves a few loose ends. Does Bernice marry Avery? Does she encourage Maretha to be more receptive of her heritage? Does Boy Willie find another avenue to pursue success? Does Lymon find his way in Pittsburgh, or return to Mississippi? Does Whining Boy ever learn to settle down? Is he really Lymons father? These questions are intentionally unanswered to allow the audience to draw their own conclusions about the situation. All that is known is that the siblings have come together for now because they must. They have no other alternative but to combine resources in order to move out of the divisiveness that slavery causes. They realize they are stronger and more enriched by pulling together to support each other. This microcosm is important as it is beautifully presented and given to the patron to ponder. I struggle to categorize this play. Confinement seems inappropriate as I feel it is universal: comedic, dramatic, spiritual, realistic, transcendent. It does not have one flaw of redundancy or overstatedness. It is not too simple or complex. It is not depressing or uplifting, but merely matter-of-fact. For all I feel that it is not, I can not find an all encompassing term to describe what it is. It is truly multi-dimensional. Many aspects of the play are intertwined and tightly wrapped into itself. I find a range

cultural essays

cultural essays I decided that I wanted to do my cultural project on the Washington State University Performing Arts Gala. This event, to me, was one of the best live performances that I have seen put on by a university. This event not only covered the theatrical performances but it also covered different types of dancing performances, musical performances, and cultural diversity. There was a number of talented students and faculty of Washington State University who all deserve recognition of a job well done. Though the entire Gala was impressive, my personal favorite was the Jazz Northwest, which is the faculty jazz ensemble. This group travels throughout the Pacific Northwest and plays music written exclusively by its own members. That night they performed a song called Hello Young Lovers, it was arranged by Horace Young and was originally from the play The King and I. Not only was it liked by me but it also seemed to be one of the favorites from the audiences reaction. There was also performances done by the WSU Big Jazz Band, WSU Wind Symphony, WSU Trumpet Ensemble, WSU Symphony Orchestra, and Cougar Marching Band performed a wide array of musical selections. My personal favorite was Ghost Train done by the WSU Wind Symphony and conducted by L. Keating Johnson. Another important feature of the Arts Gala was the debut of Crimson Revue. This is a group of very talented singers and dancers who perform a variety of songs from the different periods of time. They have dancers who help the singers to be able to express what the song means through dance. I think that though the group is young they will be able to all succeed. The most disappointing part of the Arts Gala was the outcome of people. Most of the audience was made up of older people and very few students. It was as though the students of WSU dont really support the different clubs here. I feel like this was somewhat of a impo...

Biography of Arthur Miller, Major American Playwright

Biography of Arthur Miller, Major American Playwright Arthur Miller (October 17, 1915–February 10, 2005) is considered one of the greatest playwrights of the 20th century, having created some of Americas most memorable plays over the course of seven decades. He is the author of Death of a Salesman, which won the 1949 Pulitzer Prize in drama, and The Crucible.  Miller is known for combining social awareness with a concern for his characters’ inner lives. Fast Facts: Arthur Miller Known For: Award-winning American playwrightBorn: October 17, 1915 in New York CityParents: Isidore Miller, Augusta Barnett MillerDied: Feb. 10, 2005 in Roxbury, ConnecticutEducation: University of MichiganProduced Works: All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, The Crucible, A View From the BridgeAwards and Honors: Pulitzer Prize, two New York Drama Critics Circle Awards, two Emmy Awards, three Tony AwardsSpouse(s): Mary Slattery, Marilyn Monroe, Inge MorathChildren: Jane Ellen, Robert, Rebecca, DanielNotable Quote: Well, all the plays that I was trying to write were plays that would grab an audience by the throat and not release them, rather than presenting an emotion which you could observe and walk away from. Early Life Arthur Miller was born on October 17, 1915, in Harlem, New York to a family with Polish and Jewish roots. His father Isidore, who came to the U.S. from Austria-Hungary, ran a small coat-manufacturing business. Miller was closer to his mother Augusta Barnett Miller, a native New Yorker who was a teacher and an avid reader of novels. His fathers company was successful until the Great Depression dried up virtually all business opportunities and shaped many of the younger Millers beliefs, including the insecurity of modern life. Despite facing poverty, Miller made the best of his childhood. He was an active young man, in love with football and baseball. When he wasn’t playing outside, Miller enjoyed reading adventure stories. He also kept busy with many boyhood jobs. He often worked alongside his father; other times, he delivered bakery goods and worked as a clerk in an auto parts warehouse. College After working at several jobs to save money for college, in 1934 Miller left the East Coast to attend the University of Michigan, where he was accepted into the school of journalism. He wrote for the student paper and completed his first play,  No Villain, for which he won a university award. It was an impressive beginning for a young playwright who had never studied plays or playwriting. Whats more, he had written his script in just five days. He took several courses with Professor Kenneth Rowe, a playwright. Inspired by Rowes approach to constructing plays, after graduating in 1938, Miller moved back East to begin his career as a playwright. Broadway Miller wrote plays as well as radio dramas. During World War II, his writing career gradually became more successful. (He couldnt serve in the military because of a football injury.) In 1940 he finished The Man Who Had All the Luck, which reached Broadway in 1944 but closed after only four performances and a pile of unfavorable reviews. His next play to reach Broadway came in 1947 with All My Sons, a powerful drama that earned critical and popular praise and Millers first Tony Award, for best author. From that point on, his work was in high demand. Miller set up shop in a small studio that he had built in Roxbury, Connecticut, and wrote Act I of  Death of Salesman  in less than a day. The play,  directed by  Elia Kazan, opened on February 10, 1949, to great acclaim and became an iconic stage work, earning him international recognition. In addition to the Pulitzer Prize, the play won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award and swept all six of the Tony categories in which it was nominated, including best direction, best author, and best play. Communist Hysteria Since Miller was in the spotlight, he was a prime target for the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), led by Wisconsin  Sen.  Joseph McCarthy. In an age of anti-communism fervor, Miller’s liberal political beliefs seemed threatening to some American politicians, which is unusual in retrospect, considering that the Soviet Union banned his plays. Miller was summoned before the HUAC and was expected to release names of any associates he knew to be communists. Unlike Kazan and other artists, Miller refused to give up any names. â€Å"I don’t believe a man has to become an informer in order to practice his profession freely in the United States,† he said. He was charged with contempt of Congress, a conviction that was later overturned. In response to the hysteria of the time, Miller wrote one of his best plays, The Crucible. It is set during another time of social and political paranoia, the Salem Witch Trials, and is an insightful criticism of the phenomenon. Marilyn Monroe By the 1950s, Miller was the most recognized playwright in the world, but his renown wasn’t only because of his theatrical genius. In 1956, Miller divorced Mary Slattery, his college sweetheart with whom he had had two children, Jane Ellen and Robert. Less than a month later he married actress and Hollywood sex symbol  Marilyn Monroe, whom hed met in 1951 at a Hollywood party. From then on, he was even more in the limelight. Photographers hounded the famous couple and the tabloids were often cruel, puzzling over why the â€Å"world’s most beautiful woman† would marry such a â€Å"homely writer. Author  Norman Mailer  said their marriage represented the union of the Great American Brain and the Great American Body. They were married for five years. Miller wrote little during that period, with the exception of the screenplay for  The Misfits  as a gift for Monroe. The  1961 film,  directed by  John Huston, starred Monroe,  Clark Gable,  and  Montgomery Clift. Around the time the  film was released, Monroe and Miller divorced.  A year after divorcing Monroe (she died the following year), Miller married his third wife, Austrian-born American photographer Inge Morath. Later Years and Death Miller continued to write into his 80s. His later plays didnt attract the same attention or acclaim as his earlier work, though film adaptations of The Crucible and Death of a Salesman kept his fame alive. Much in his later plays dealt with personal experience. His final drama, Finishing the Picture, recalls the turbulent last days of his marriage to Monroe. In 2002, Millers third wife Morath died and he soon was engaged to 34-year-old painter Agnes Barley, but he became ill before they could marry. On February 10, 2005- the 56th anniversary of the Broadway debut of  Death of a Salesman- Miller died of heart failure  at his home in Roxbury, surrounded by Barley, family, and friends. He was 89 years old. Legacy Millers sometimes bleak view of America was shaped by his and his familys experiences during the Great Depression. Many of his plays deal with the ways capitalism affects the lives of everyday Americans. He thought of theater as a way to speak to those Americans: The mission of the theater, after all, is to change, to raise the consciousness of people to their human possibilities, he said. He established the Arthur Miller Foundation to help young artists. After his death, his daughter Rebecca Miller focused his mandate on expanding the arts education program in New York City public schools. In addition to the Pulitzer Prize, Miller won two New York Drama Critics Circle Awards, two Emmy Awards, three Tony Awards for his plays, and a Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement. He also received the John F. Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award and was named Jefferson Lecturer for the National Endowment for the Humanities in 2001. Sources Arthur Miller Biography. Notablebiographies.com.Arthur Miller: American Playwright. Encyclopedia Britannica.Arthur Miller Biography. Biography.com.Arthur Miller Foundation.

Military's last barrier to Equality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Military's last barrier to Equality - Essay Example McSally therefore, justifiably argues that ban on women in combat should be repealed. The author, Martha McSally is a retired Air Force colonel who had led several combat positions and repeatedly proved that women are equal if not better than men in the area hitherto dominated by men. Indeed, many women who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan have even won silver medal for bravery in the field. They have proved their usefulness in various positions vis-a-vis at checkpoints for searching women and children for weapons, acting as agents under counterinsurgency strategy, going as frontline soldiers to kill enemies etc. But unfortunately, their meritorious actions have yet to be recognized as such in their own country of birth. They are still relegated to areas that are least equipped to exploit their huge potential as a military person in their home country. McSally is absolutely correct when she says that ‘current policy is a legal fiction, which not only degrades combat efficien cy, effectiveness and flexibility but confuses military commanders’. ... Women have not been the isolated cases where gender differences were used to subvert the rights of citizens. In the contemporary environment of sexual freedom, sexual equality has wider implications. The categorization of sexual preferences has resulted in people exhibiting homosexuality, gay or lesbian behavior. Thus, rights of such people have also come under lot of controversy. But recently, allowing homosexuals within the military services, President Obama has succinctly indicated that time for change has become a necessity. He has particularly emphasized that homosexuals’ contribution in military could significantly increase national security. Justice, fairness and equality must be enjoyed by all. But McSally is not impressed because the same has yet to be filtered down to encompass women who are still deprived of coveted positions in many areas of military services. Diversity within the workforce, especially related to sexuality of persons must be included at all levels of services. Equal opportunity has become a ground reality that must cut across gender. The patriarchal society has been the major factor that has consistently denied women their rightful place in the society. Their empowerment therefore, has become a major issue that must be addressed. While the constitution has been amended to facilitate their inclusion and gives them equal opportunities, the court of law has surprisingly been quiet in the matter of American military services where women are openly differentiated. The court’s intervention in the case of homosexuals is a positive step that should greatly influence the decisions of higher hierarchy of military services to ensure that army

Business Ethics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Ethics - Case Study Example Mike, who is the loss prevention and security manager and has been working in the retail store for more than ten years, has noticed that a diamond studded watch is missing. Mike has ruled out external theft, after studying the videotapes by the closed-circuit TV on that fateful day. The relevant facts in this particular case are: The decision to fire Todd just because he failed a lie detector is not enough grounds to dismiss him, unless if there is new and substantial evidence, implicating Todd, that could be helpful in dismissing Todd. The primary stakeholders in this case are; Susan the human resources manager, Mike-the loss prevention/ security manager and Todd the salesperson. The possible alternatives in this case include forgetting the whole issue about firing Todd and retaining him and his duties just like before. The other alternative could be having a candid discussion with Todd and making him confess out of his own volition. If this happens, the human resources could then take the necessary measures that are suitable in dismissing Todd in a decent procedural manner that will not bring any legal proceedings against the retail store. The ethics of the alternative is that everything will be carried out in the right legal way instead of using information that can be challenged in a court of law. The other employees will thus feel they are not being victimized and that their employer is in sync with their situation. It will also help save the retail store face and make the employees more confident in their jobs and the retail shop in general. The practical constraint to this whole scenario is the issue of bringing Todd to confess to having stolen the watch. This could be really hard, since as any other employee, Todd wants to retain his job. The issue of also proving that Mark stole the watch is quite hard, being the fact that there are no witnesses ready to testify against Todd. The closed circuit camera footages are also not able to show

Intelligent Memory Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Intelligent Memory Professor’s comment: Not only does this research paper reflect an obvious understanding of the complexities of the technology under review, it does so in remarkably clear prose. The student obviously took to heart one of the central tenets of my course, that technical material aimed at a technical audience can be clearly written. Abstract The growing processor-memory performance gap creates a bottleneck in the system; the memory system cannot supply enough data to keep the processor busy. Before this bottleneck is resolved, faster processors can do little to improve the overall system performance. Intelligent memory is a new memory/system architecture that aims to resolve this bottleneck. There are four intelligent memory models with published results: Active Pages, CRAM, PPRAM, and IRAM. Despite their architectural differences, they all agree to put processing elements physically closer to the memory, lifting the bottleneck by increasing processor-memory data bandwidth. Initial studies of these four models have shown promising results. However, in order for these academic ideas to become a reality, intelligent memory researchers must study how their models can be cost-effectively integrated into commercial computer systems. Introduction Microprocessor and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) technology are headed in different directions: the former increases in speed while the latter increases in capacity. This technological difference has led to what is known as the Processor-Memory Performance Gap. This performance gap, which is growing at about 50% per year, creates a serious bottleneck to the overall system performance [Pat97]. The problem boils dow... ...rakis C.; Romer C.; Wang H.; â€Å"Evaluation of Existing Architectures in IRAM Systems,† Workshop on Mixing Logic and DRAM: Chips that Compute and Remember at ISCA ’97, Denver, CO, 1, June 1997. Elliott D.; â€Å"Computational Ram: A Memory-SIMD Hybrid and its Application to DSP,† The Proceedings of the Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, Boston, MA, 3, May 1992. Elliott D.; â€Å"Computational RAM,† http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~dunc/cram Murakami, K.; Inoue, K.; and Miyajima, H.; â€Å"Parallel Processing RAM (PPRAM) (in English),† Japan-Germany Forum on Information Technology, Nov. 1997. Oskin M.; Chong F.; Sherwood T.; â€Å"Active Pages: A Comutation Model for Intelligent Memory,† International Symposium on Computer Architecture, Barcelona, 1998. Patterson, D.; Anderson T.; Cardwell N.; Fromm R., et al; â€Å"A Case for Intelligent DRAM: IRAM,† IEEE Micro, April 1997.

Arguments for and Against the Minimum Wage in the Uk

Arguments for and against the National Minimum Wage (NMW) in the UK: stop employees being taken advantage of by being paid unfair wages by their employers. set a standard of the minimum worth of a worker. This benchmark was set so that employers would be unable to hire any staff for less than the suggested hourly rate. reduce pay differentials between genders. What is the new minimum wage? : In October 2009, the NMW for workers increased from: ?5. 73 to ? 5. 80 per hour – aged 22 years and older ?4. 77 to ? 4. 83 per hour – aged 18 to 21 years ?3. 53 to ? 3. 7 an hour – aged 16 and 17 years As of October 2010, the adult minimum rate will start from 21 years. Who qualifies for the Minimum Wage? Home workers, agency workers, part-time employees, pieceworkers†¦ most adult employees working legally in the United Kingdom with a written, verbal or implied contract, qualify for the NMW. The relationship between Demand and Supply: Arguments in favour of the NMW: Dia gram showing potential earnings from the NMW: {draw:frame} Diagram showing increasing demand for Normal goods: {draw:frame} Reduced labour turnover, raised productivity: Economic benefit for the country: Monopsonistic labour markets: A monopsony occurs when one buyer faces many sellers in a market. The buyer thus controls a large proportion of that market share. In the diagram below, a monopsonistic business maximises its profits at Q2, paying a wage at W1. (Demand = Marginal Revenue Product and supply =Average Costs). If the minimum wage increases to W2, demand for labour will increase to Q1. The level of unemployment will not increase until the minimum wage increases to an amount higher than W3. Diagram showing NMW effects on a Monopsony: draw:frame} Arguments against the NMW: Law not properly enforced: The NMW is not a properly enforced law. The result is that is has merely become a guideline to which employers are expected to adhere. It is estimated that 5% of the UK workforce receives less than minimum wage (WordPress 2009). If an employee reports his employer for paying less than the minimum wage, the employee pays a nominal fine. Fines are not severe enough (HM Revenue and Customs 2009). Low-skilled workers suffer: Many opposed the NMW when it was first introduced. Some believed that it would increase unemployment and cause wage inflation. They argued that if the minimum wage was high enough to be effective, unemployment among the inexperienced and handicapped would escalate. The workers with lesser skills would be harmed to the benefit of those who were more highly skilled. The demand for jobs at the higher wage levels would be greater than the supply of jobs available. Businesses could therefore afford to be more selective in the employees they chose, and workers with limited skills and experience would typically be excluded. Cost of production increases, leading to higher prices for consumers: Another argument is that an increase in the minimum wage willincrease production costs, thus increasing the overall cost of the product. The result of this would be reduced profits for the business, due to: producers absorbing the extra costs, leaving less money for re-investment. Diagram showing how an increase in the price of a product affects supply and demand: {draw:frame} The original price of product X is ? 35, and the demand for the product is 320 units (E1 representing Equilibrium between demand and supply). Product X then increases in price to ? 4 due to an increase in the NMW, resulting in a drop in demand for the product to 120 units. This drop in demand then results in an oversupply of goods from the producer, who is then forced to reduce his supply to the new demand level, or goods may sit on the shelf. E2 represents the new Equilibrium level between supply and demand. If the good was perishable and th e supplier did not adjust his supply, there would be a lot of wastage. Not everybody qualifies: Those who are exempt from receiving the NMW include; Apprentices under 19 years of age, and apprentices 19 years or older in their first year of their apprenticeship. Students on a work placement, forming part of a higher- or further education course, where the placement is for less than one year. The self-employed Those on a Department for Workers and Pensions back-to-work scheme The Recession: A recession is characterised by a period of at least two consecutive quarters of negative growth. During a recession, demand and supply of goods and services in the economy contracts. The UK economy contracted by 1. 5% in the last quarter of 2008 and the Gross Domestic Product experienced its biggest fall since the second quarter of 1980 (Kowelle 2009). This is the first time since the inception of the NMW that employment has fallen. Unemployment is rapidly on the increase. A reduction in output means that the need for labour is reduced. In the early stages of a recession, companies tend to cut back on employee hours, rather than making workers redundant. If companies are forced to reduce their employee numbers, they will initially attempt to do this through natural wastage, putting a hold on hiring, and not replacing workers who leave the company of their own accord. Thus the demand for new entrants to the market is very limited. The current recession has caused a very limited availability of credit and reduced demand worldwide. It is expected that high levels of debt and the fall of housing prices and equity prices will affect the UK more than many other nations (Bain 2009). What if there were no minimum wage in place? : Without a set minimum wage, the quantity of labour supplied will continue to change according to price, until the level of labour demanded is equal to the level of labour supplied. That is to say, an equilibrium price will be reached, where supply and demand curves intersect. {draw:frame} Deepak Lal, criticises the minimum wage, stating that it is â€Å"an inefficient, well-intentioned but inexpert interference with the mechanisms of supply and demand.. † References: DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS INNOVATION & SKILLS. , 2007. National Minimum WageGuide for Employees [online] United Kingdom. Available from: http://www. berr. gov. uk/files/file53059. pdf [Accessed 23 November 2009] eHOW How To Do Just About Everything. How Does The Minimum Wage Affect The Economy [online video]. Available from: http://www. ehow. co. uk/video_4974004_minimum-wage-affect-economy. html? cr=1 [Accessed 20 November 2009] NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE COMMISSION. , 2009 National Minimum Wage. Low Pay Commission Report 2009. (Chairman George Bain). United Kingdom: The Stationery Office. WORD PRESS. , 2009. New Deal Scandal: UK Unemployment Course Scandal and Welfare Reformconcerns [online] 20 August. Available from: http://newdealscandal. wordpress. com/2009/08/20/national-minimum-wage-nmw/ [Accessed 23 November 2009]

compare and contrast two restaurants - 703 Words

Nagihan Ekmekci Compare and contrast two restaurants Do you want to eat out in Datteln, a small town in Germany?There are a lot of restaurants that you can choose from. They vary greatly in appearance, menu, service and prices. Preference depends on the priority of people. There are two restaurants in Datteln that are worth a try:Lotusblume and Marmaris Dà ¶ner. They have some similarities and differences. Some people prefer to eat at stylish restaurants. Lotusblume in Datteln is a traditional Chinese restaurant with an authentic Chinese decoration. The red carpets on the floor and the Asian paintings on the walls provide a fascinating ambiance. Marmaris Dà ¶ner, however,†¦show more content†¦When you decide where to eat you also consider the menu- what do you fancy eating? Lotusblume offers traditional Chinese cuisine, whereas Marmaris Dà ¶ner offers the traditional Turkish Dà ¶ner. The menu of the Lotusblume is quite large.In contrast Marmaris Dà ¶ner has some sort of fix menus to choose from. Yet, the foods of both restaurants are well- serviced, fresh and tasty. In conclusion, the differences between the two restaurantsShow MoreRelatedPurchase Of A New Toaster For The Restaurant Of Healthy Food1082 Words   |  5 Pagesfunding for the purchase of a new toaster for the restaurant of healthy food. Summary The need in purchasing a new toaster has become prominent due to the increased demand of the clients in the qualitative and healthy food and a pressing need to expand the menu and introduce new dishes and recipes. The purchase of a toaster can strongly assist in meeting this requirement, since it offers a great variety of new cooking solutions for the restaurant of the healthy food. 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