The Halayeb Triangle

The Halayeb Triangle The Halayeb Triangle (map), additionally now and again called the Hala’ib Triangle is a zone of questioned land situated on the fringe among Egypt and Sudan. The land covers a region of 7,945 square miles (20,580 square kilometers) and is named for the town of Hala’ib which is situated there. The nearness of the Halayeb Triangle is brought about by the various areas of the Egypt-Sudan outskirt. There is a political limit that was set in 1899 that runs along the 22nd equal and a managerial limit that was set by the British in 1902. The Halayeb Triangle is situated in the contrast between the two and since the mid-1990s Egypt has had true control of the territory. History of the Halayeb Triangle The principal outskirt among Egypt and Sudanâ was set in 1899 when the United Kingdomâ had command over the zone. Around then the Anglo-Egyptian Agreement for Sudan set a political limit between the two at 22nd equal or along the line of 22ìš N scope. Afterward, in 1902 the British drew another managerial limit among Egypt and Sudan which gave control of the Ababda region that was south of the 22nd corresponding to Egypt. The new regulatory limit gave Sudan control of land that was north of the 22nd equal. Around then, Sudan controlled around 18,000 square miles (46,620 sq km) of land and the towns of Hala’ib and Abu Ramad. In 1956, Sudan got free and the difference over the control of the Halayeb Triangle among Sudan and Egypt started. Egyptâ considered the fringe between the two as the 1899 political limit, while Sudan asserted that the outskirt was the 1902 regulatory limit. This prompted both Egypt and Sudan guaranteeing power over the district. Likewise, a little zone south of the 22nd equal called Bir Tawil that was once controlled by Egypt was guaranteed by neither Egypt nor Sudan as of now. Because of this fringe contradiction, there have been a few times of antagonistic vibe in the Halayeb Triangle since the 1950s. For instance in 1958, Sudan wanted to hold decisions in the locale and Egypt sent soldiers into the zone. Regardless of these threats, be that as it may, the two nations practiced joint control of the Halayeb Triangle until 1992 when Egypt protested Sudan permitting investigation of the region’s beach front territories by a Canadian oil organization. This prompted further threats and a fruitless death endeavor on Egypt’s then-president Hosni Mubarak. Subsequently, Egypt reinforced control of the Halayeb Triangle and constrained every Sudanese authority out. By 1998 Egypt and Sudanâ agreed to start dealing with a trade off concerning which nation would control the Halayeb Triangle. In January 2000, Sudan pulled back all powers from the Halayeb Triangle and surrendered control of the district to Egypt. Since Sudan’s withdrawal from the Halayeb Triangle in 2000, there are regularly still clashes among Egypt and Sudan over control of the area. What's more, the Eastern Front, an alliance of Sudanese revolutionaries, expresses that it asserts the Halayeb Triangle as Sudanese on the grounds that the individuals there are all the more ethnically identified with Sudan. In 2010 the Sudanese President Omer Hassan Al-Bashir stated, â€Å"Halayeb is Sudanese and will remain Sudanese† (Sudan Tribune, 2010). In April 2013 there were gossipy tidbits that Egypt’s President Mohamed Morsi and Sudan’s President Al-Bashir had met to talk about a trade off of command over the Halayeb Triangle and the chance of giving control of the district back to Sudan (Sanchez, 2013). Egypt denied those bits of gossip in any case and guaranteed that the gathering was just to fortify participation between the two countries. In this manner, the Halayeb Triangle despite everything stays in Egypt’s control while Sudan claims regional rights over the area. Geology, Climate, and Ecology of the Halayeb Triangle The Halayeb Triangle is situated on the southern fringe of Egypt and the northern outskirt of Sudan. It covers a zone of 7,945 square miles (20,580 square kilometers) and has coastlines on the Red Sea. The region is known as the Halayeb Triangle in light of the fact that Hala’ib is an enormous city inside the district and the region is molded generally like a triangle. The southern fringe, around 180 miles (290 km) follows the 22nd equal. Notwithstanding the fundamental, contested segment of the Halayeb Triangle there is a little territory of land called Bir Tawil that is found south of the 22nd equal at the triangle’s westernmost tip. Bir Tawil has a region of 795 square miles (2,060 sq km) and isn't guaranteed by Egypt or Sudan. The atmosphere of the Halayeb Triangle is like that of northern Sudan. It is ordinarily hot and gets little precipitation outside of a stormy season. Close to the Red Sea, the atmosphere is milder and there is more precipitation. The Halayeb Triangle has a shifted geology. The most noteworthy top in the area is Mount Shendib at 6,270 feet (1,911 m). Also, the Gebel Elba mountain zone is a nature hold that is home to Elba Mountain. This pinnacle has a height of 4,708 feet (1,435 m) and is one of a kind since its culmination is viewed as a fog desert spring due to extraordinary dew, fog and elevated levels of precipitation (Wikipedia.org). This fog desert garden makes a one of a kind biological system in the district and furthermore makes it a biodiversity hotspot with more than 458 plant species. Settlements and People of the Halayeb Triangle The two significant towns inside the Halayeb Triangle are Hala’ib and Abu Ramad. Both of these towns are situated on the Red Sea coast and Abu Ramad is the last stop for transports destined for Cairo and other Egyptian urban areas. Osief is the nearest Sudanese town to the Halayeb Triangle (Wikipedia.org).Because of its absence of advancement, a large portion of the individuals living inside the Halayeb Triangle are migrants and the area has minimal financial action. The Halayeb Triangle is anyway supposed to be wealthy in manganese. This is a component that is critical in the creation of iron and steel yet it is additionally utilized as an added substance for gas and is utilized in soluble batteries (Abu-Fadil, 2010). Egypt has right now been attempting to trade ferromanganese bars to create steel (Abu-Fadil, 2010). Because of the progressing strife among Egypt and Sudan over control of the Halayeb Triangle obviously this is a significant world locale and it will be fascinating to see whether it will stay in Egyptian control.

How far did America achieveprosperity in the 1920s? Essay

The 1920s was a period of extraordinary change in the USA’s monetary circumstance. After the First World War, America encountered a financial blast, which prompted the condition of society changing by tremendous contrasts. These distinctions were likewise clear in the manner that the change affected various individuals in various circumstances. The quantity of individuals living beneath the bread line in 1928 expanded to an expected forty-two percent of the American populace, anyway this was during a similar period that the quantity of Americans claiming vehicles was around one vehicle to each five individuals. In this manner, there is incredible contention over to what degree the USA accomplished success during the 1920s. Flourishing is a word that is utilized to portray opulence and riches inside a nation. Evaluating the rate at which a nation encounters thriving during a period would uncover digger rich and well off that nation was at that point. Numerous components contribute and deduct from the success of America during this period, as it is along these lines hard to state how far the present abundance of the nation spread inside all regions of society. Variables that would express that America’s flourishing spread all through the country during the 1920s incorporate the new ventures and new mechanical strategies for the time, mass advertising of new items and the motorcar business. Be that as it may, repudiating these territories of American industry incorporate the cultivating circumstance at that point, overpopulation of the nation, USA’s dark populace, new foreigners to the nation and individuals engaged with old enterprises. During the 1920s, new ventures and new strategies for creation spread through American assembling. It had the option to abuse it’s immense normal assets of crude materials to create steel, synthetic substances, glass and hardware. These items at that point turned into the establishment for optional ventures or buyer products. Phones, radios, vacume cleaners, and clothes washers were mass-created and in this manner more individuals could bear the cost of them. Such a model shows tool America was growing admirably as a mechanical country, and uncovers how the individuals of the nation were currently ready to purchase purchaser merchandise, which before were they couldn't manage. Inside this equivalent period, huge businesses were creating publicizing and showcasing procedures. Publicizing organizations were a resultant factor, and came to fruition as gatherings built up their thoughts of purposeful publicity created during World War One and applied them to industry. This part of American culture is additional proof for how the USA was preferring the buyer part of living in the mid twentieth century. Maybe the most huge commitment to indicating how all territories of America prevailing with regards to accomplishing thriving during the 1920s is the engine vehicle industry. In 1900, just 4,000 vehicles were constructed. By 1929, 4,000,000, 800,000 were made-without a doubt it was accepted that a Ford Model-T was finished at regular intervals. By 1928, the industry was America’s best, and utilized hundred of thousands representatives straightforwardly, but more by implication. The vehicle impactsly affected the remainder of American industry. The organizations providing crude materials required to make a vehicle additionally flourished at a comparable rate. More glass, elastic and steel were required; boosting these zones of industry. Moreover, expanded measures of petroleum were required, and more individuals discovered work building miles of streets the nation over to provide food for the expanded measure of traffic. The vehicle business likewise invigorated the lodging business. It implied that more individuals had the option to purchase homes from the urban areas in suburbia, and drive regularly into town. This factor, I feel was the most significant reason to America’s fruitful spread of success during the 1920s. Juxtaposed to these perspectives, various components exist which show proof against the thought of America’s riches during the 1920s being across the nation, and impacting each territory of society. An away from of an industry, and accordingly it’s individuals, which didn't profit by this time is cultivating. The normal homestead salary tumbled from twenty-two billion dollars in 1919, to thirteen billion dollars in 1928. This was to a great extent because of the European market. During the war, American has dispatched a large number of tons off grain to Europe. Be that as it may, the war likewise bankrupted Europe, which means scarcely any individuals could manage the cost of American products. Moreover, the Republican assessment on American products was still set up, bringing about Europe ledge unfit to manage the cost of American produce. From 1900 to 1920, while ranches were doing very well, increasingly more land was being cultivated. Improved apparatus, particularly consolidate reapers and improved manures made US agribusiness amazingly proficient. The outcome was that by 1920 it was creating surpluses of wheat, which no one needed. Cultivating people group were crushed as ranches battled to sell wheat, even at amazingly low costs. The degree of this hardship is indicated when it is acknowledged around half of all Americans lived in country regions. For the most part chipping away at ranches or in organizations that offered products to ranches. Along these lines, this issue straightforwardly influenced a large number of individuals. As the homestead salary fell, the circumstance of numerous country networks was urgent. It is clear when taking a gander at the impacts American success had on it’s Black and new outsider populaces that present American riches didn't arrive at all zones of individuals. The dark populace was seriously hit. They held the custom of holding the least gifted employments in provincial zones. As they lost their positions on the ranches, seventy five percent of a million of them got jobless. Most of cultivating families stayed extremely poor all through the 1920s, implying that they didn't see the innovative advances of the time-including power, vehicles and radios. New foreigner to the nation as of now didn't get the incredible greeting of a freed nation they had all trusted. They confronted segregation in the work place, and took whatever work they could-somewhat in light of the fact that they were commonly uneducated as different laborers. An enormous number worked in the development business where, at that point, there was a major blast. Be that as it may, notwithstanding this expansion in the businesses size, the normal was just rose by four percent during the 1920s, in light of the fact that the settlers were a wellspring of modest work, and more work was turning out to be automated coming about the absence of requirement for workers. The joblessness rate inside new outsiders increased consistently. More seasoned ventures were experiencing modernisation. A few businesses, for example, steel, for which there was a blast, profited by general extension. In any case, in others, especially the crude materials enterprises cotton, coal, tin and copper-were languishing. There was an overproduction in these businesses, costs dropped and compensation fell. From seeing this proof, obviously the flourishing and abundance of the USA in the 1920 was profoundly clear. In any case, it is additionally certain that it didn't arrive at all territories of society. Consequently, it is advocated to state that thriving during this period was fractional as not every person was purchasing vehicles, radios and other shopper products. It is crucial to recall that during a blast period, it is hard to share the riches of the nation equitably because of the assurance for individual increase, not for fairness.

Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun

Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun Addiction Alcohol Use Children of Alcoholics Print Children of Alcoholics Have Difficulty Having Fun Real Stories From Children of Alcoholics By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 11, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 17, 2018 Children of Alcoholics Face Many Challenges. © Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Children of Alcoholics Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery One of the characteristics that many children who had an alcoholic parent report is difficulty having fun. Because they carry around so much anger, or because they have had so many events and holidays sabotaged by the alcoholic parent, they dont even expect to have fun. Many children who grow up in an alcoholic home seem to have many common characteristics, and one of them is not being able to let loose and just have fun. Visitors to the Verywell.com Alcoholism site who answered the question, How Do You Feel Growing Up With an Alcoholic Parent Has Changed You? describe what its like: Never Able to Let LooseIve always felt different from other people, never able to let loose and have fun at social events, and always feeling alone. Everything is a competition to me; I feel like I always need to be the best, or Im a failure. I struggle with my identity and I still dont have an answer to that who am I question. Im trying my best to make sense of everything Ive discovered about myself, but its been trying and very painful. -- J.B. Happiness Feels FakeMy happiness when present feels fake because I know it will always be overshadowed by some horrible incident. There are times when I feel as though I do not want to live because the pain is too great. How sad. -- Love The Anger Is Still ThereAs a teenager, I felt alone and angry and always took this out on people closest to me. I would say to myself, I will be happier when this happens, when I get this job or move out. But over the years I have realized the anger and sadness are still there. -- Hailey I Cannot Go Have FunI grew up never feeling like I was normal, never feeling like I was good enough. Now I have such low self-esteem its crippling. I can not go out and have fun like normal adults. -- Taylor Stunted My EmotionsI think growing up with an alcoholic step-father has stunted my emotions, seems I get saddened easily, but the happy emotions are very low. Things people are normally jumping up and down about dont give me the same amount of excitement. Dont get me wrong, I still feel happiness, but not to the extent most people do. -- Biggie Affected by Parental Alcoholism If you grew up in a home where there was a lot of drinking, you may want to take this quiz to determine to what extent you may have been affected by the experience. If your life has been affected, you might want to seek help through professional counseling or find support in either Al-Anon Family Groups or the support group Adult Children of Alcoholics. If you have a drinking problem and you have children in the home, they are being affected by your drinking and your behavior psychologically and emotionally more than you may realize. You may want to try to find help to quit or cut back on the amount of alcohol that you consume. How Growing up Around Drinking Can Impact Kids Into Adulthood

Hult International Business School Programs and Admissions

Hult International Business School, established in 1964, is a private business school with locations around the world. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including one-year MBA programs. Hult is known for providing excellent preparation in areas of global business, such as international marketing, international banking, and international finance. Unlike most business schools, Hult International Business School is globally accredited by both the  Association of MBAs  (AMBA), and the  Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business  (AACSB).  These accreditations provide quality assurance and should be important to every student seeking a world-class global business education. In this article, were going to take a closer look at Hult International Business School. Youll learn about Hults campus locations, program offerings, and admissions requirements for the global MBA program. Campus Locations Hult International Business School has campus locations in Boston, San Francisco, New York, London, Dubai, and Shanghai. Students can study at one campus, switch campuses during the program, or choose to study in multiple locations by participating in the schools campus rotation program. Hults Boston Campus Hults Boston campus is located in Cambridge near many other prestigious universities, including Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Programs and electives offered at the Boston campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of International MarketingMaster of FinanceMaster of International BankingGlobal One-Year MBA Hults San Francisco Campus Hults San Francisco campus is located right in the city near the financial district, large companies, and more than 13,000 business start-ups. Programs and electives offered at the San Francisco campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of Business StatisticsMaster of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA electives Hults London Campus Hults London campus is located in Central London in Bloomsbury, which is considered the academic heart of the city. London has some of the largest overseas banks in the world and is considered the hub of international finance. Programs and electives offered at the London campus include the: Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of International BusinessMaster of International MarketingMaster of Finance electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA Hults Dubai Campus Hults Dubai campus is located in an area known as Internet City. Nearby companies include Microsoft and LinkedIn. Dubai is also known for industries like banking and financial services, consulting, and IT. Programs and electives offered at the Dubai campus include the: Master of International Business  Master of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBAGlobal Executive MBA Hults Shanghai Campus Hults Shanghai campus is located in Chinas economic capital on Peoples Square. It is surrounded by Shanghais financial and commercial districts. Programs and electives offered at the Shanghai campus include the: Master of International Business electivesMaster of International Marketing electivesGlobal One-Year MBA electivesGlobal Executive MBA Hults New York Campus Hults New York campus is a rotation center, where students from Hults other campuses come to study. The campus is located at the Cooper Union in central Manhattan near New Yorks key business districts. Elective offerings at the New York campus include: Master of International Business electivesMaster of International Marketing electivesMaster of Finance electivesGlobal One-Year MBA electivesGlobal Executive MBA electives Bachelor of Business Administration Program Hult International Business School offers one undergraduate business program for recent high school graduates. The program results in a Bachelor of Business Administration. Students enrolled in this degree program can choose to major in marketing, management, finance, accounting, or entrepreneurship. Hult also offers three different tracks, which allow students to graduate with a degree in two years (Global Fast Track), three years (Global Standard Track), or four years (U.S. Standard Track). Master Degree Programs The master degree programs at Hult International Business School are designed for students who have three years of work experience or less. Each program takes one year to complete. Students who earn a Master of International Business degree also have the option of earning a dual degree in an additional six to nine months of full-time study. Dual degree options include the Master of Disruptive Innovation degree or the Master of International Banking degree. Global MBA Program Hults Global MBA Program is a one-year MBA program with an intensive curriculum designed to teach you key business skills from a global perspective. The program is immersive and allows the opportunity to study in three different cities in a one year period. Specialization options include marketing, finance, entrepreneurship, family business, business analytics, and project management. After learning business theory in the first part of the program, students get an opportunity to put theory into practice through simulations and real-world experiences.   Global Executive MBA Program Hults Global Executive MBA Program is a unique MBA program for working professionals. The program allows students to earn an MBA degree with just 14 trips to campus. If you enroll in this program, you will miss 21 days of work in all and earn a degree within 18 months. You can study in one city or in up to three locations in a single one year period. Location options include San Francisco, London, Dubai, New York, and Shanghai. This immersive EMBA program is taught from the same global perspective that Hult is known for and includes an opportunity to customize your learning experience with electives. If you complete all three electives in one area of study (marketing, finance, entrepreneurship, family business, business analytics, and project management), you earn an MBA with a specialization in that designated area.   Hult MBA Admissions Requirements Admissions requirements for Hult International Business School programs vary depending on the program. Students who are applying to one of Hults MBA programs, need a bachelors degree (or the equivalent), three years of work experience, and proficiency in English. The admissions committee prefers bilingual or multilingual applicants who have lived in more than one country. Being globally-minded will also score you points with admissions reps. To apply to Hults Global MBA program or Global Executive MBA program, you will need to submit the following: Application feeTranscripts from all of the colleges and universities you attendedA copy of your bachelors degreeA current resumeLetters of recommendationA response to an application questionGMAT, GRE, or the Hult Business Assessment Test scores

Can Terrorism Ever Be Justified - 1677 Words

Can terrorism ever be justified? Since the turn of the century, the postmodern world has seen increasing levels of political, cultural, military and socio-economic tumult, much of this due to a series of terrorist attacks on American soil and the resultant waging of Washington ’s â€Å"War on Terror†. Consequently, the nature of terrorism has come under intense media focus and is subject to immense debate, especially on its justification. Before engaging in such a debate one must first identify terrorism as an act of widespread violence, whether on the part of a state or individual, against another state or society, with the ultimate goal of forcing the latter party to cede to the formers demands – be they political or socio-economic. With such†¦show more content†¦In short, violence only begets more violence, nothing else, hence making terror totally unreliable as a means to an end. But, as with all controversies, the issue of terrorism has spawned a large number of devil’s advocates, and hence a member of arguments that terror is â€Å"acceptable† because it is â€Å"a natural consequence† of the actions of one nation upon others. Though highly repugnant to the humanitarians, these arguments do make for a convincing, if controversial, case. Terror must be accepted as the inevitable outcome of the damning legacy of colonialism that the First world has left on the Third, which was further exacerbated by Cold War machinations and power plans. Since the last century the vast majority of African, Arab, and Asian states have suffered under periods of debilitating colonial rule, and we find that the majority of terrorists have come from such impoverished nations. But their plight was forged into a cause for violence because of the First world ’s action In the Cold War. 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In itself, is neither moral, nor immoral - no act in itself ever is. Morality of an act is determined by the intentions of its perpetrators and by the circumstances under which it takes place. Killing is a morally neutral act, it is the intention of the killer and the circumstances under which the act takes place, that make it a crime of murder subject to a heavy punishment, an unfortunate accident , or an act of valour rewarded by a medal. In the course of warsRead MoreWhat Is Terrorism, Is It Wrong, And Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?1530 Words   |  7 PagesIn Alison M. Jaggar’s paper â€Å"What is Terrorism, Why is it Wrong, and Could it Ever be Morally Permissible?†, she takes the topic of terrorism and tries to bring up information about it in a way to where terrorism can be discussed fairly and examined critically. Terrorism has been defined differently by various people, but many have voiced their concerns about this type of violence. 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Global terrorism does not just affectRead MoreAmerican Military Intervention Against Isis1048 Words   |  5 PagesWar Theory, this plan for American military intervention against ISIS is justified on moral grounds as it follows all three parts of the theory. This is supported by the current global state and Bush’s national security strategy from 2002. The first part of Just War Theory is Jus Ad Bellum—America has a morally righteous cause to go to war because it is motivated by defending civilians. Part of this is that a just war can only be taken by a legitimate authority, most commonly a state. Not only wouldRead MoreThe Ethics Of Warfare And Ethics1550 Words   |  7 Pagesis any ethical decisions when discussion about warfare. Are war ethical or not? Does war bring any resolution to the conflicts or it just bring more conflicts between nations and states? Have history of warfare demonstrate whether or not wars have ever resolve the initial purpose of the war? War ethics only defines whether the purpose of any war is right in order to initiate any conflict among nations. But history has proven that humans have always uses wars as a mean of resolving political, structuralRead MoreIs Torture justified?1704 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ ENGL 1301 Composition I November 9, 2013 Is Torture justified? What is torture? Basically, this is the action of physically or psychologically hurting a person without their permission and against their will. The torture has many goals such as obtaining a confession or information of the victim, revenge for an act committed by the victim or just for entertainment morbid and sadistic of the torturer. According to the 1984  United Nations Convention against Torture, the torture is: â€Å"anyRead MoreEssay on The war against terrorism976 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals and organizations justify these acts of terror? These acts can be described as terrorist actions. Terrorism is a growing international problem. During the last twenty years, new terrorist groups have sprung up all over the world. Governments have had little success in their attempts to resolve issues in which terrorism is used. A major problem in discussing terrorism is establishing a generally accepted definition. Terrorism can be described as the unlawful use of fear or force to achieve certain

English First Additional Paper 1 Free Essays

string(91) " in your own words why Sabina’s first attempt at breeding chickens was unsuccessful\." NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE P1 EXEMPLAR 2007 MARKS: 75 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 11 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 2 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of THREE sections, namely SECTION A, SECTION B and SECTION C. We will write a custom essay sample on English First Additional Paper 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ †¢ †¢ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. SECTION A: Comprehension (30 marks) SECTION B: Summary (10 marks) SECTION C: Language in context (35 marks) Answer ALL the questions. Start each section on a NEW page and rule off across the page on completion of EACH section. Leave a line after EACH answer. Write neatly and legibly. Follow the instructions carefully. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Pay special attention to spelling and sentence construction. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 3 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION A: COMPREHENSION QUESTION 1 Read the following passage and answer the questions. In the case of multiple-choice questions, write down only the question number and the letter corresponding with the answer. 1. Now 54, Sabina Khoza started her working life as a salesperson. Then the company she was working for shut down and sold their delivery vans to staff members. ‘I managed to buy eight of the kombis,’ says Sabina. That was the start of her taxi fleet – which eventually grew to 17 vehicles. But crime forced her to 5 abandon her budding taxi business. In fact, sick of the hijackings and violence, Sabina decided she needed a break from township life altogether. And she didn’t have to go far! A farm was for sale in Zuurbekom, on the outskirts of Soweto. ‘It was strange,’ she recalls. I’d just moved from Mofolo in Soweto 10 and started off-loading my furniture when a group of people came to help. ‘Once the work had been done, they disappeared without as much as asking for a cent. This surprised me. Township people do not do any work without being paid. ‘On the fourth day I saw these people again. I asked where they were staying. It t urned out they were living on my farm. When they realised I was the 15 new owner, they begged me not to evict them. ‘ Sabina was sympathetic to their predicament, and realised she’d have to find a way to make the best of the situation. The opportunity came when her tenants approached her about breeding chickens. ‘I had never come close to a live chicken in my life,’ laughs Sabina. ‘As a matter 20 of fact, I was rather afraid of chickens. ‘ Still, she bought 10 chickens and a feeder – and waited for the eggs to come. And waited. And waited. ‘Then one day a visitor told us we were actually rearing cocks without hens,’ laughs Sabina. This setback didn’t discourage her, though. Soon she had her hens and had also received training in how to raise chickens. I remembered 25 that when I stayed in Soweto, I could only get chickens in Kliptown,’ she says. ‘So I went and spoke to people in the area. Then one of my tenants went there to sell the birds. We’d spent R11,20 on each chicken and sold them at R20 each. In less than a week, we’d sold our birds. ‘ ‘Since then, we’ve been getting chicks regularly from a supplier and we†™re 30 currently producing 150 000 birds a year. We also supply supermarkets with vegetables. ‘ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 4 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 10. Khoza’s successful farming venture incorporates the latest technology and farming methods, and additional community projects include vegetable and maize production, as well as a guest house, which accommodates trainee 35 farmers. ‘I train members of the community and offer them opportunities as partners, not just as employees,’ says Sabina, who has won numerous awards, including the Department of Agriculture’s Female Farmer of the Year in 2003 and the 2004 Shoprite Checkers Woman of the Year Award. 40 ‘During the festive season, when people go on holiday, I stay at home and make money from all the Christmas bonuses people have been paid. And when all the holidaymakers have returned home, I take leave and book myself into a luxurious hotel, glad to have missed the peak season,’ laughs Sabina. [Adapted from Bona Magazine] 11. 12. QUESTIONS 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 Why did Sabina not continue working as a salesperson? Quote a phrase of not more than six words which tells you why Sabina had left the township. Refer to paragraph 2. Three of the following are likely kinds of ‘crime’ in this context. Which ONE is the exception? A B C D 1. 4 Hijacking Passengers robbed at gunpoint Cash in transit heists Intimidation from rival fleet owners (2) (1) 2) The word ‘budding’ (paragraph 2) implies that her taxi business at this time †¦ A B C D was in the early stages of development. seemed headed for success. seemed headed for collapse. Both A and B (2) 1. 5 When Sabina said, ‘It was strange’ (paragraph 3), she meant that it was strange that †¦ A B C D she didn’t have to go far. the place was called Zuurbekom (instead of, say, Soetbekom). you could buy a farm so close to Soweto. the people who helped her didn’t ask for any money. (2) 1. 6 What difference did Sabina observe between township people and the people on the farm? Quote a suitable sentence from paragraph 4 to support your answer. (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 5 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 1. 7 The ‘predicament’ referred to in paragraph 5, is most probably that the tenants †¦ A B C D were prepared to help off-load furniture without expecting to be paid for it. had been unaware that Sabina was the new owner. had nowhere to go if Sabina evicted them. were all unemployed. (2) (3) 1. 8 1. 9 Explain in your own words why Sabina’s first attempt at breeding chickens was unsuccessful. You read "English First Additional Paper 1" in category "Papers" Explain the meaning of the following expression as used in line 6 of the passage: ‘†¦ abandon her budding taxi business’ (2) (3) (2) (4) (2) 30 1. 10 1. 11 1. 12 1. 13 Suggest TWO reasons that Shoprite Checkers probably had for naming Sabina their 2004 Woman of the Year. (1? + 1? ) What aspects of Sabina’s story are surprising, considering that she is a woman? Describe any TWO incidents from this passage which show you that Sabina does not give up easily. In NOT more than 7 words, provide a title for this article which draws attention to Sabina’s achievements. TOTAL SECTION A: Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 6 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION B: SUMMARY QUESTION 2 Imagine that you are preparing an essay on ‘Dieting and Eating Disorders’. Read the article below and extract SEVEN important points to include in your essay. INSTRUCTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. Write your points in full sentences using NOT more thant 70 words. Number your sentences from 1 to 7 and write only ONE fact per line. Write in correct sentences and use your own words as far as possible. Indicate the number of words you have used in brackets at the end of your summary. Note that you will be penalised if you ignore these instructions. There is a constant deadly battle between what teenagers want to look like and what they will do to get there. Teenagers fear that the weight that they’ve gained during puberty and teenage years is permanent. They panic and desperately try to lose it. Once they start losing weight, people might compliment them, which makes them feel good. They may start to believe that losing weight will make them happier, but no matter how much weight is lost, it is never enough, and they are never happy. Teenagers spend a lot of time worrying about what others think and they desperately try to conform to society’s unattainable ‘ideal’ body image. They are lead to believe that if they are thin, they will be accepted. Many of them are constantly exposed to images of thin models appearing on television and in magazines. This only reinforces their belief that in order to be happy, successful and accepted, they must be thin. These factors lead to many teenagers going overboard with dieting, which can then result in eating disorders. Dieting is about losing weight gradually in a healthy way. Eating disorders are about trying to make your whole life better through eating or not eating food. Sufferers seek approval and acceptance from others and believe life won’t be good until a bit (or a lot) of weight is lost, without any concern for the damage done to their bodies. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are two common eating disorders. Anorexia is when someone experiences a significant weight loss resulting from excessive dieting. Anorexics consider themselves to be fat, no matter what their actual weight is. Often they don’t realise that they are underweight. They avoid food and taking in calories at all costs, which can result in death. Bulimia is characterised by a cycle of over-eating and vomiting. A sure sign is regular bathroom visits after eating so as to induce vomiting. [Adapted from: Teen Zone] TOTAL SECTION B: 10 Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 7 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 SECTION C: LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT QUESTION 3: VISUAL LITERACY 3. 1 ANALYSING A CARTOON Study the following cartoon and answer the questions that follow: Frame 1 3. 1. 1 3. 1. 2 3. 1. 3 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 (1) (2) Where does the conversation between the two women in the cartoon take place? Why are certain words (perfect, lose, gain and hate) in bold print? Refer to Frame 1. Describe the speaker’s facial expression, stating what it reveals about her feelings. (2) (2) 3. 1. 4 Refer to frame 4. Explain why the speaker says ‘I HATE HER! ‘ Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 8 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 3. 2 ANALYSING AN ADVERTISEMENT Study the advertisement below and answer the questions. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 9 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 3. 2. 1 3. . 2 3. 2. 3 3. 2. 4 State TWO ways in which the advertiser attempts to attract the readers’ attention. Explain why the advertiser has used the word ‘overnight’ in the headline. Do the dots below the word ‘overnight’ serve any purpose? Give a reason for your answer. Do you consider the name of the product, Clean Clear, appro priate? Give a reason for your answer. (2) (2) (2) (2) [15] QUESTION 4: LANGUAGE AND EDITING SKILLS The article which follows, contains a number of deliberate errors in grammar and punctuation, as well as words within brackets which indicate the writer’s uncertainty about which word to use. Read it carefully and answer the following questions: DOME – THE DK PATRIOT 1. Inspired by TKZEE, Dome (has started/started) his music career in Grade Ten as the production half of kwaito group, Rossmoda. The crew soon dissolved and he formed a new one known as Scrybe. He continued doing music as a hobby until he, at The National School Of The Arts, met up with former Skwatta Kamp member, Master Sip, widely known as Ngwenya, 5 as well as a huge community of hip hop artists. ‘(Here’s/Heres) were I cut my teeth,’ Dome says, ‘because the level of competition was so high. Dome started making tracks at the old Skwatta Kamp studio in Leondale. He simply (couldn’t/can’t) aford the rates and got hold of a sampler that had belonged to Jo’burg beat legend, Iko. Connecting Iko’s sampler to his 10 father’s hi-fi, Dome was able to produce at the alarming rate of a hundred and fifty beats a week. Dome says, ‘I got into the c ircle of current hot properties from Soweto and I was able to assemble a host of artists for my first production series, Domestic Violins’. 15 ‘I sold the album out of my backpack and with the money I made, I bought my studio,’ says Dome. Dome continues to single-handedly direct the musical score of the South Western Townships. To a number of artists, his music has proved to be the key to massive airplay. To us, the DK patriot (holds/hold) the key to the 20 future of Soweto hip hop. [Adapted from: Hype Magazine] 2. 3. 4. 5. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P1 10 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 4. 1 Choose the correct word from those in brackets. Write only your answer next to the question number (4. 1. 1 – 4. 1. 3) in the answer book. 4. 1. ‘Inspired by TKZEE, Dome (has started/started) his music career in Grade Ten as the production half of kwaito group, Rossmoda. ‘ (Lines 1 – 2) ‘(Here’s/Heres) were I cut my teeth,’ Dome says. (Lines 6 – 7) To us, the DK patriot (holds/hold) the key to the future of Soweto hip hop. ‘ (Lines 20 – 21) (1) (1) (1) (2) (1) (1) 4. 1. 2 4. 1. 3 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 4. 5 Explain why TKZEE, Rossmoda, Scri be and Skwatta Kamp are written in italics. The word ‘were’ (line 6) has been used incorrectly. Replace it with the correct word. Give the correct spelling of the word ‘aford’ in paragraph 2 (line 9). Provide the correct form of the word within brackets in the following sentence: Dome is a (success) artist in South Africa. (1) (1) 4. 6 4. 7 Provide a synonym (word similar in meaning) from the passage for the word ‘began’. Choose the correct word from within brackets. My dad thinks rap music is the (worse/worst) kind of music he has ever heard. (1) 4. 8 Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct preposition from the list given below. Write only the question number (4. 8. 1 – 4. 8. 2) and the answer. by; of; with; for 4. 8. 1 4. 8. 2 Dome was influenced †¦ Skwatta Kamp. I am a gread admirer †¦ Dome. (1) (1) 4. 9 Identify the parts of speech of the underlined words in the following sentence: Dome said, ‘I sold the album out of my backpack. ‘ (1) 4. 10 Change the following statement to a question to which the underlined part would be the answer: Dome said that he was going to perform in Durban. (1) Copyright reserved English First Additional Language/P1 11 NSC DoE/Exemplar 2007 4. 11 Give the antonyms (words opposite in meaning) of the underlined words in the following sentence: Dome has sold many albums in this country. (1) 4. 12 Give the opposite gender of the underlined word in the following sentence: He met the manager of the studio. 1) 4. 13 Write down the plural form of the underlined word in the following sentence: Dome met a huge community of hip-hop artists. (1) 4. 14 Replace the underlined phrase with a single word: The award for the best hip-hop artist is presented once a year. (1) 4. 15 Fill in the missing word in the following sentence: I love Dome’s music. He i s my †¦ artist. (1) 4. 16 Rewrite the following sentence in reported speech: Dome said: ‘I sold the album out of my backpack. ‘ TOTAL SECTION C: GRAND TOTAL: 20 75 Copyright reserved Please turn over How to cite English First Additional Paper 1, Papers

Voice And Diction Critique The Piano Lesson Essays -

Voice And Diction Critique: The Piano Lesson Andrea Ayers TH 113 Voice and Diction Critique: The Piano Lesson The Piano Lesson is a masterpiece in itself, earning a Pulitzer Prize in 1990. However, this particular play has elements not typical of modern plays. It has the quintessential plot that encompasses a conflict. On the surface, the conflict is between Boy Willie and his sister, Bernice. However, beneath that conflict, lies the symbolism of the characters. Boy Willie symbolizes the American way or the white mans culture. Bernice is the African-American way, staying true to her roots and not parting with the heritage. Although she finds this painful, she will not part with her heritage. Her heritage is tangible in the presence of the piano itself. Within the presence of the piano, August Wilson firmly states his convictions about what it means for black people to assimilate into American society. It means they have to give up their black culture in the ways of music, speech, heritage and community. As expected, Wilson sympathizes with the character of Bernice because he is unwilling to part with his culture and folkways just as Bernice refuses to give up her piano. Boy Willie must fight Sutters ghost to rid the family of the dark and painful past they share. Bernice must play the piano to face her heritage, thereby accepting the slavery of her grandparents, not dismissing it. The main theme here is not to forget their past, but rather to confront it. Wilson sets his characters free from painful memories of slavery via the lessons learned from the pianos existence. Wilson renders a tight thesis about how African-Americans struggle to assimilate into the mainstream yet retain their inherent sub-culture. Wilson is an author of meaningful words. His portrayal of African-American lineage is very convincing. The characters language is authentic and unabridged. They use appropriate speech not tendered by standards of English. It is more colloquial and informal. By incorporating this dialect, Wilson creates a play that is purely representational of the era. Characters become more authentic as they are believable. The audience sympathizes with them. When an audience superimposes the characters, the theme is not only heard, but felt within each individual. As I sat in my seat, I felt the anguish between the siblings as they communicated their concerns about the piano. For example, Bernice describes the piano as polished by the blood, sweat and tears of her ancestors. The anguish of slavery and oppression swells through her words. When Boy Willie persists in taking the piano, he also communicates his determination to succeed on the same land that bound his ancestors. This is very powerful la nguage because it renders more than just denotation. It communicates the way the characters relate themselves to the world around them (past, present and future.) The language itself is very moving and purposeful. At the end of the play, Wilson leaves a few loose ends. Does Bernice marry Avery? Does she encourage Maretha to be more receptive of her heritage? Does Boy Willie find another avenue to pursue success? Does Lymon find his way in Pittsburgh, or return to Mississippi? Does Whining Boy ever learn to settle down? Is he really Lymons father? These questions are intentionally unanswered to allow the audience to draw their own conclusions about the situation. All that is known is that the siblings have come together for now because they must. They have no other alternative but to combine resources in order to move out of the divisiveness that slavery causes. They realize they are stronger and more enriched by pulling together to support each other. This microcosm is important as it is beautifully presented and given to the patron to ponder. I struggle to categorize this play. Confinement seems inappropriate as I feel it is universal: comedic, dramatic, spiritual, realistic, transcendent. It does not have one flaw of redundancy or overstatedness. It is not too simple or complex. It is not depressing or uplifting, but merely matter-of-fact. For all I feel that it is not, I can not find an all encompassing term to describe what it is. It is truly multi-dimensional. Many aspects of the play are intertwined and tightly wrapped into itself. I find a range